Nyob rau lub Peb Hlis Ntuj xyoo no, ib pab neeg tshawb fawb los ntawm Stanford University School of Medicine tau luam tawm ib qho kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv phau ntawv journal Nature, uas qhia tau hais tias los ntawm ib lub sij hawm tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm hematopoietic qia hlwb (HSCs) thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv nas tuaj yeem ua tau. hloov tsis tu ncua, yog li txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov nas laus thiab tiv thaiv kab mob ntxeem tau zoo.
Qhov tseeb, nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov neeg laus laus hauv ntiaj teb no, cov kws tshawb fawb yeej tsis tau tso tseg kev tshawb nrhiav yuav ua li cas los tiv thaiv kev laus thiab txo cov txheej txheem kev laus. Lub zej zog kev tshawb fawb tau tshawb nrhiav ntau yam kev laus thiab siv zog los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev laus los yog tshuaj ntxiv. Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +) yog ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev laus ntawm tes. Raws li ib qho tseem ceeb coenzyme koom nrog hauv lub zog metabolism, metabolic substrate, thiab intracellular signaling molecule, NAD + koom nrog ntau yam kev ua ub no xws li cellular cov khoom metabolism, lub zog synthesis, kho DNA, thiab lwm yam.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov kev hloov pauv thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm NAD + metabolism thaum laus tau nyiam ntau yam. Cov kws tshawb fawb [4] tau tawm tswv yim tias muaj "NAD Ntiaj Teb" kev tswj hwm kev sib koom tes hauv kev laus ntawm cov tsiaj txhu; NAD + qib ntawm cov hlwb thiab cov kab mob txiav txim siab cov txheej txheem thiab qib ntawm kev laus; Qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm qee qhov kev sib txuas ua rau txo qis hauv NAD + qib, thaum kawg ua rau txo qis tag nrho NAD + qib thiab ua rau kev laus sai. Cov teebmeem ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev laus xws li resveratrol, txwv tsis pub calorie, thiab kev tawm dag zog tau lees paub tias muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog lawv cov kev cai ntawm NAD + txoj kev metabolic. Yog li, NAD + suav tias yog lub hom phiaj muaj peev xwm rau kev tiv thaiv kev laus.
Raws li kev tshawb fawb tam sim no, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm NAD + hauv tib neeg lub cev suav nrog:
1.
NAD + pab kom ntev telomeres. Thaum cov cell sib faib, telomeres ua luv. Thaum telomeres yog "hnav" rau qee qhov, cov hlwb tsis sib faib thiab ua tsis muaj zog lossis apoptotic. Sirtuins proteins txhawb kev faib cell los ntawm kev xav tau NAD + los pab tswj telomere ntev.
2.
NAD + pab kho peb DNA. Thaum peb muaj hnub nyoog, DNA strands yuav tawg thiab kev hloov caj ces yuav tshwm sim. Raws li DNA puas ntsoog, nws tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam kab mob uas ua rau lub neej luv, xws li mob qog noj ntshav thiab tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog. Tau kawg, peb tib neeg lub cev muaj nws tus kheej DNA kho mechanism. Thaum DNA puas lawm, nws qhib lub enzyme PARP-1 thiab kho DNA hauv hlwb. Thaum lub sijhawm kho, ntau NAD + tau noj hauv lub cev. Ntxiv NAD + tuaj yeem kho cov txheej txheem kho DNA thiab tiv thaiv cell apoptosis.
3.
NAD + tswj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab thaum peb muaj hnub nyoog, peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis ruaj khov. Ua kom nquag plias tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob autoimmune, thaum tsis ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntau yam kab mob thiab kab mob. Qhov no yog lub npe hu ua kev tiv thaiv kev laus, uas nyob ntawm mitochondrial muaj nuj nqi thiab lub zog tshuav nyiaj li cas, ob qho tib si muaj feem xyuam nrog NAD + kev ua haujlwm.
4.
Nad + txhawb nqa kev xa xov ntawm tes ntawm ATP (adenosine triphosphate) lub zog enzymes. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm kev laus yog qhov poob ntawm cellular zog. ATP yog lub zog tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm tes. Lub zog yog siv los tswj tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsim nyog rau lub neej. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm lub zog xa mus, lub zog poob inevitably tshwm sim. Ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj yog qhov poob ntawm electron thauj saw nyhuv, uas nad + yog ib qho tseem ceeb koom nrog. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias rov ua kom rov qab siv hluav taws xob thauj cov saw hlau ua haujlwm los ntawm kev nce qib nad + yog ib txoj kev ceev thiab siv tau zoo los txhawb kev tshem tawm lub zog thiab tswj cov tub ntxhais hluas ntawm tes.
5.
Nad + pab txhim kho chromosomes. Raws li lub sijhawm hloov pauv, chromosomes, zoo li tag nrho cov qauv molecular complex, yuav maj mam ua tsis ruaj khov. Thaum kawg, kev tsis ruaj tsis khov yuav ua rau muaj qhov yuam kev hauv kev txhais cov noob, uas thaum kawg yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tsis zoo hauv cell function thiab qauv. Nad + yuav tsum muaj rau cov enzymes uas tswj cov qauv chromosome ruaj khov kom ua haujlwm tau zoo.
6.
Nad+ txhawb nqa lub hlwb noj qab haus huv. Vim hais tias nad + cuam tshuam rau neurotransmitters thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj lub hlwb kev noj qab haus huv, neurotransmitters tuaj yeem xa cov cim ntawm cov paj hlwb los pab tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, xws li mus ob peb vas, qab los noj mov, kev ntxhov siab, thiab lwm yam.
